Papua New Guinea is home to one of the world’s most ethnically diverse populations. Most people live in rural areas, which can be difficult to access, representing a complex challenge for health care and social services. UNFPA started work in Papua New Guinea in 1996, helping to improve the quality of and access to maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health services, including for sexual and reproductive health. Initiatives support national development plans, measures to prevent and respond to gender-based violence, and the collection of population data for development planning.