One of the world’s least developed countries, Burkina Faso has a rapidly growing population. Starting in 1975 with support for a general census, UNFPA has assisted national partners in developing capacities to generate and use population data to create appropriate policies and programmes and to extend reproductive health services, including for adolescents. Current initiatives focus on the need for universal access to sexual and reproductive health, including family planning, and on reducing maternal mortality and increasing gender equality.